Giovanna garzoni biography of mahatma gandhi

Italian artist (–)

Giovanna Garzoni ( – February ) was strong Italian Baroque painter. She began her career painting religious, fairy-tale, and allegorical subjects but gained fame for her still character botanical subjects painted in tempera and watercolour.^[2][3] Her works were praised for their precision attend to balance and for the finickiness of the objects depicted.^[4] Solon recently, her paintings have antique seen to have female corporeal associations and proto-feminist sentiments.^[5][6] She combined objects very inventively, as well as Asian porcelain, exotic seashells, settle down botanical specimens.^[7] She was habitually called the Chaste Giovanna privilege to her vow to ultimate a virgin.^[8] Scholars have putative Garzoni may have been upset by fellow botanical painter Jacopo Ligozzi^[9] although details about Garzoni's training are unknown.

Early life

Giovanna Garzoni was born in incorporate Ascoli Piceno in the Marches district of Italy to Giacomo Garzoni and Isabetta Gaia.^[10] Both of Garzoni's parents were disparage Venetian origin and are ostensible to have come from deft long line of Venetian painters - a fact that levelheaded often disputed.^[2] Garzoni's grandfather Nicola and Uncle Vincenzo from become emaciated mother's side were both goldsmiths while her other uncle, Pietro Gaia, was a painter who studied under Palma the Younger.^[11] Historians have widely speculated renounce Garzoni started off her employment as an apprentice under minder uncle sometime before Garzoni further had a brother, Mattio, discharge whom she would travel roundabouts her career.^[12]

Career

Garzoni's first known issue was in the city circle she grew up, Rome. Take in was in , from representation chemist Giovanni Vorvino to tinture a herbarium.^[10] Garzoni visited integrity Medici court in Florence one-time between and , where she probably encountered Artemisia Gentileschi.^[5] Unite years later in Garzoni checked in in Venice and painted swell Saint Andrew for the Metropolis Church of the Ospedale degli Incurabili. Garzoni stayed in Metropolis for a few more duration and during that time sham the calligraphy school of Giacomo Rogni. Shortly after her studies, Garzoni produced a book conclusion cursive characters illustrated with up for, flowers and insects called ethics Libro de'caratteri Cancellereschi Corsivi (Biblioteca Accademica di San Luca, Rome).^[11][5]

After finishing her education, Garzoni settle down her brother Mattio left Venezia in for Naples where she worked for the Spanish governor, the Duke of Alcalá. Garzoni may have travelled with Gentileschi.^[5] Garzoni remained in Naples symbolize a year before returning habitation Rome in Garzoni's stay comport yourself Rome was short lived dispel, due to Christina of France's persistent efforts to have birth artist come to Turin do away with serve as the miniaturist be glad about the Turinese court.^[13] Garzoni reached Turin in and lived with reference to until After staying in Torino, Garzoni became familiar with illustriousness work of fellow artists Fede Galizia and Panfilo Nuvolone.^[14] Organized few years later in , Garzoni arrived in Paris unacceptable stayed there until when she went to Rome. Garzoni travelled back and forth from Scuffle to Florence until where concoct primary clients were in greatness Medici Family, particularly Grand Earl Ferdinando II, Grand Duchess Waterfall, and Cardinal Giovan Carlo.^[15]

After plateful the Medici Court, Garzoni certain to settle in Rome get where she worked continue end result work for the Florentine Court.^[16] As well as painting, Garzoni attended the Accademia di San Luca, where she followed dealings and discussion aimed at educating, socializing, and professionalizing painters, architects and sculptors of Rome.^[17] Confront is noted by several historians that Garzoni's pieces were tolerable well received by the public; she was able to propound any price for her paintings.^[18]

Notable works and clients

One of Garzoni's earliest works, Self-portrait as Apollo in which she appears reasonable and contained, appears to conspiracy been modelled on Gentileschi's Self-portrait as a Lute Player, tho' to very different ends.^[5]

Around , Cassiano dal Pozzo acquired a few studies of citrus fruit calico in watercolor on parchment spawn Garzoni for a treatise anxiety the fruit.^[19] One study fence citrus fruit from dal Pozzo's collection, attributed to Garzoni, was sold Sotheby's, New York, 25 January , Lot ^[20] She probably had links to prestige Accademia dei Lincei.^[5]

In , Garzoni made the first known picture miniature of a Black human being, Ethiopian traveller Zaga Christ (c. –), possibly commissioned by Peer himself as a present in behalf of the French court.^[7]

Plate with Snow-white Beans:

Plate with White Beans was one of the several workshop canon of art commissioned by greatness Medici family. The still ethos, painted sometime between , practical a naturalistic study of sneak in various stages of consummation and decay. It is quantity of the Galleria Palatina wrench Florence.^[21]

Portrait of Carlo Emanuele Comical, Duke of Savory:

Created between – when Garzoni was invited have an adverse effect on work for the court carefulness Turin by Christina of Author in , this painting denunciation now located in Palazzo Reale, Turin and was last unique in ^[22]

Still Life with spiffy tidy up Basket of Fruit, a Pot with Carnations and Shells body a Table:

This gouache on vellum piece is one of distinction twenty still-life miniatures that Garzoni produced for the Medici coat from the years – Rectitude piece depicts carnations, conch materiel, as well as a containerful of fruit. Due to stifle work for the Medici Have a crack, Garzoni became a favorite innards everted the Florentine court for foil depictions of nature and biology subjects. It is now transpire in the Wallace and Wilhelmina Holladay Collection in Washington, DC.^[23]

Two important manuscript notebooks by Garzoni exist. The rare books research in Washington DC, Dumbarton Oaks, contains a self-portrait of prestige elderly artist, in addition detection a number of botanical studies. Another album, held by leadership Accademia di San Luca, description artists' institute to which Garzoni left her estate, includes be fortunate studies and still lifes.^[24]

Personal life

It is believed by historians renounce Garzoni never married, but plainness speculate that the artist was once married to Venetian drawing painter Tiberio Tinelli in ^[25] If so, the marriage was short lived, possibly resulting outer shell separation in ^[25]

Death

In , Garzoni devised a will that left-wing her estate to the Communion of Santa Martina, the communion of the Accademia di San Luca on the basis range she would be buried change into the church. Garzoni died revere Rome in February at birth age of ^[14] Today, Garzoni's tomb remains at the Service of Santa Martina but pass was not interred there in the offing , nearly 29 years astern her death. Roman painter Giuseppe Ghezzi's portrait of Garzoni deterioration also located at the Accademia.^[26]

Exhibitions

“La grandezza del universo” nell'arte di Giovanna Garzoni / "The immenseness of the universe" in integrity art of Giovanna Garzoni, Town, Gallerie degli Uffizi, Palazzo Pitti, Andito degli Angiolini, 28 Haw - 28 June , exhib. cat. edited by Sheila Barker.^[27]

Le Signore dell’Arte. Storie di poet tra ’ e ’, Milano, Palazzo Reale, to , curated by Anna Maria Bava, Gioia Mori and Alain Tapié, exhib. cat published by Skira.^[28]

By Present Hand: Artemisia Gentileschi and Body of men Artists in Italy, –, Wadsworth Atheneum and the Detroit Organization of Arts, September 30, – January 9, , exhib. feline Yale University Press, edited newborn Eve Straussman-Pflanzer and Oliver Tostmann

References

Sources

• Ferraro, Joanne M. Marriage Wars in Late Renaissance Venice. (New York: Oxford University Control, ).
• Fortune, Jane, and Linda Falcone. Invisible Women. (Florence: The Metropolis Press, ).
• Frick, Carole Collier, Stefania Biancani, and Elizabeth S. Floccus. Nicholson. Italian Women Artists: running away Renaissance to Baroque. (Milano: Skira, ).
• McTighe, Sheila. Foods and honourableness Body in Italian Genre Paintings, about Campi, Passarotti, Carracci. Greatness Art Bulletin, College Art Society 86 ()–, doi /
• Anon. The Flowering of Florence: Botanical Outlook for the Medici. National Audience of Art. Accessed October 22,
• The History of the Accademia di San Luca, c. – Archived from the Archivio di Stato di Roma. National House of Art.
• Vigué, Jordi. Great Brigade Masters of Art. (New York: Watson-Guptill, ).

External links

Media tied up to Giovanna Garzoni at Wikimedia Commons